This leaflet explains what ESBL is and how you can help prevent the spread of infection. This leaflet is not intended to replace the discussion between you and your doctor or nurse but can act as a starting point for discussions.
What is an ESBL producing bacteria?
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase (ESBL) are enzymes produced by a certain type of bacteria. ESBL producing bacteria are usually resistant to a larger number of antibiotics. This is called antibiotic resistance.
What are the symptoms?
Many people live with these bacteria within their body (usually in the bowel) and these do not cause you any harm. This is a process known as colonisation. These bacteria can sometimes transfer to other areas of the body. It is when this transfer occurs that you may have symptoms of an infection. The symptoms you experience will depend on where the bacteria has been transferred. Common infections include urine (UTI), chest (chest infection / pneumonia) or an infection in the bloodstream.
How is ESBL diagnosed?
Diagnosis of an ESBL producing bacteria also depends on where the source of your infection is. Common diagnostic tests you may experience are bloods tests, urine tests, x-ray and scans. Any tests performed will be fully explained to you by the medical team providing your care.
How is ESBL treated?
Your medical team will contact a doctor who specializes in antibiotics; called a microbiologist. The microbiologist will look in depth at your infection and advise the most appropriate antibiotic based on your specific needs. Initially, these may be given directly into your vein (IV), but as your symptoms improve you may begin to receive antibiotic tablets.
What precautions are necessary if I am in hospital?
You will sometimes be moved into a side room if you are diagnosed with an ESBL, although this is not always the case. Excellent hand hygiene is the best way to minimise the impact your infection may have on others.
Can I go home after being told I have ESBL?
A diagnosis of an ESBL does not mean you would need to stay in hospital any longer than normal. Providing you feel well enough, and your medical team is happy with your condition, you can be discharged home and complete any treatment required as a take home prescription.
When can I go back to work or school?
Most people can return to work or school once they have completed their course of treatment. This is providing you feel well and maintain excellent hand hygiene. Once your treatment has been completed and you feel better, you can go about your daily activities as normal. If you get an infection again in the future, it does not mean it will be caused by an ESBL producing bacteria. Repeat testing will be carried out based on your clinical needs.
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